Miami-Dade (FL) Fire Rescue (MDFR) adapanga ndikumanga zida zophunzitsira ozimitsa moto kuti aphunzitse ogwira ntchito njira zodulira magalasi osasunthika a laminated, mapanelo otetezedwa a katundu, mabawuti onyamula, makatani a HUD, zotsekera zamphepo yamkuntho ndi zitseko zam'mwamba. MDFR yapanga mgwirizano ndi makontrakitala a zenera ndi zitseko kuti apeze mazenera ndi zitseko zokhala ndi magalasi opangidwa ndi laminated komanso zotsekera pamwamba, zigawo ndi zotsekera.sangathe kukhazikitsidwa chifukwa cha zolakwika mu miyeso yawo kapena mapangidwe omwe afotokozedwa ndi womangamanga.
Kwa zaka zambiri, ozimitsa moto a MDFR ayesa kukhazikitsa C-clamps kapena kukhazikika mazenera agalasi ndi zitseko zowongoka pomwe ogwira ntchito akugwedeza nkhwangwa ndi nyundo kapena kugwiritsa ntchito unyolo kuti alowemo. Mwamwayi, palibe amene adavulala, koma palibe amene adazindikira chiopsezo chachikulu chodula. galasi.Sizinali mpaka Dipatimenti ya Moto ndi Kupulumutsira ya Palm Beach County (FL) inajambula kanema yophunzitsira yomwe madipatimenti awiriwa adaphunzira za kuopsa kwa kupuma kwa kupuma fumbi lagalasi. chithunzi.Zomwe zinawonedwa zinali zosokoneza: Pamene ozimitsa moto adakoka mpweya, fumbi lagalasi limatha kuwoneka likulowa mkamwa mwawo ndi mphuno.Chotsatira chake, onse a Palm Beach County ndi MDFR amafuna ogwira ntchito pafupi ndi magalasi odula kuti agwiritse ntchito zipangizo zopumira (SCBA).
Pachithunzi 1, chimango cha magalasi odulidwa odulidwa adalumikizidwa pamodzi ndi mlengi wake, Captain Juan Miguel. Kuti atseke zitseko ndi mazenera, ma U-clamps amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholemera chachitsulo ndipo amaikidwa ndi T-handle screws. imatchinjiriza chitseko cha galasi kapena zenera kumunsi kwa sill ndi kumutu wapamwamba, womwe umayenda mmwamba ndi pansi mu njira ya bulaketi yowongoka, ngati chotsekera chapamwamba. kapena khomo.Pachithunzi 2, ogwira ntchito ku MDFR amagwiritsa ntchito (kuchokera kumanja kupita kumanzere) macheka a rotary oyendetsedwa ndi batri, makina ozungulira a petulo, ndi macheka obwereza kuti agwiritse ntchito njira zocheka. tchanelo ndi zomangira zowonjezedwa kuti zithandizire kukweza ndi kutsitsa mutu wapamwamba.
Pulopu yachiwiri yonyamulika imatha kuyikidwa pawindo lotsegulira nsanja yophunzitsira ya MDFR, kapena munjira yomwe adapeza, pophunzitsira njira zolowera mpweya-zodzipatula-zofufuza (VEIS) . .Zingwe za ratchet zimafinya zikwangwani zamsewu kuti zizigwira bwino.Pachithunzi 5, zenera lodulidwa liri pakhonde, lomangiriridwa pansi pa chizindikiro chakunja chamsewu.Pachithunzi 6, pamwamba pa zenera pali Pachithunzi 7, ozimitsa moto amagwiritsa ntchito macheka opangidwa ndi batri kuti adule zenera lagalasi lomwe limatetezedwa ndi zingwe zonyamulika pawindo lotsegula kuti apeze kapangidwe kake. 8, chida chodulira magalasi chonyamulika chimamangiriridwa pawindo ndi zikwangwani zamsewu ndi zingwe zomangira.Pano, wozimitsa moto pamwamba pa makwerero apamlengalenga amayamba kudula magalasi kuti ayambitse VEIS.
Palibe kuwunika kwa zida zodulira magalasi zomwe sizingachitike popanda kuyang'ana galasi. Galasi yotsekedwa ndi galasi lodziwika bwino lomwe ozimitsa moto amakumana nalo, monga galasi lathyathyathya ndi "magalasi oyandama". zidutswa zomwe zingayambitse kuvulala kapena imfa, makamaka ngati zikugwa kuchokera kumtunda wapamwamba wa nyumba zokwera. mazenera owonetsera - omwe alipobe m'nyumba zakale - ayenera kusamala kwambiri kuti achotse pamwamba pa mafelemu a mawindo.akhoza kugwa popanda chenjezo.
The katundu wa galasi annealed akhoza kusinthidwa ndi Kutenthetsa ndiyeno kuzirala mu ng'anjo.Nthawi, kutentha ndi kuzirala kwa galasi mu ng'anjo zimatsimikizira ngati galasi ndi kwathunthu kutentha kapena thermally kulimbitsa.Kutentha ndi kuziziritsa ndondomeko compresses pamwamba pa kunja. magalasi opangidwa ndi kutentha ndi kutentha, kuonjezera mphamvu zake.Magalasi onse owonjezera kutentha ndi otentha amakhala amphamvu komanso otetezeka kuposa magalasi osakanizidwa, koma ali ndi makhalidwe osiyanasiyana osweka.Magalasi opangidwa ndi kutentha akaphwanyidwa, amapanga mikwingwirima yofanana ndi magalasi a annealed, koma imakonda kukhala mkati mwawindo lawindo. Ikaphwanyidwa, magalasi otenthedwa amaphwanyidwa kukhala makristasi ang'onoang'ono omwe amakonda kugwa kuchokera pawindo.
Kwa zaka zingapo, maulamuliro a m'mphepete mwa nyanja ya Gulf ndi Atlantic adalamula kugwiritsa ntchito zotsekera mvula yamkuntho kapena mphepo yamkuntho komanso galasi losagwira ntchito muzomangamanga zatsopano. Magalasi awiri opangidwa ndi magalasi otenthedwa ndi kutentha kapena kutentha. Zigawo zonse ziwiri za galasi zimatha kusweka, koma pulasitiki yamkati imakana kulowa mkati ndipo imasunga zenera losasunthika.Yembekezerani magalasi oposa limodzi, makamaka m'nyumba zazitali. mphamvu, nyumba zapamwamba nthawi zambiri zimakhala ndi mazenera otsekedwa, omwe amakhala ndi mapepala awiri a galasi lotentha kapena lotentha kwambiri lodzaza ndi mpweya, argon, xenon, kapena gasi wina wotetezera.
Kukhalapo kwa galasi laminated ndi chinthu chofunika kwambiri ndipo chiyenera kutsimikiziridwa pa kukula kwa 360 °. Ngati zilipo, zikutanthauza kuti ogwira ntchito adzakhala akugwira ntchito m'nyumba yomwe ilibe mawindo. anayesera kuswa ndi ndowe ya padenga.Papang'onopang'ono galasi laminated ndi chida chachitsulo kuti muzindikire galasi laminated popanda kuwonongeka;ngati mumva phokoso lopanda phokoso, likhoza kukhala galasi laminated.
Ngakhale kuti zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wokhala ndi unyolo wa carbide ndizo zida zothamanga kwambiri komanso zogwira mtima kwambiri zodulira magalasi opangidwa ndi laminated, ndizosatheka kudula mawindo opangidwa ndi anthu ndi zida zamanja, makamaka mkati mwa nyumba zodzaza utsi. zitseko zing'onozing'ono kuti zifike ndi kugwiritsira ntchito latch.Mwachitsanzo, ngati mawindo a magalasi opangidwa ndi laminated aikidwa momveka bwino, zikutheka kuti chipinda chilichonse chiyenera kukhala ndi "kuthawa" zenera lomwe lingathe kutsegulidwa ndi kutsegulidwa kuchokera mkati.Kuonjezera apo, zitseko zolowera. ndipo zitseko za Chifalansa zimatha kutsegulidwa mwanjira yofanana.Kudula ndi zida zamanja kumaphatikizapo kumenya nkhwangwa yathyathyathya ndi mallet podulira kapena kuboola.
M'nyumba zamakono zamaofesi ndi mahotela, pali mazenera ochepa omwe amatha kutsegulidwa kuti azitha kupuma mpweya.Nyumba zina za khoma lokhazikika kapena magalasi a khoma amatha kukhala ndi mazenera omwe amatha kutsegulidwa kuti azitha kupuma ndi fungulo la Allen kapena makiyi apadera. kuthyola mawindo a magalasi otsekemera.Kuyang'anira zomanga nyumba sikufuna kuti obwereketsa atsegule mazenera awo ndikulola mpweya wokwera mtengo kwambiri kutentha, kuzizira ndi kunyowa kuthawa.Popanda mphamvu yotsegula mazenera, ntchito za mpweya wabwino kwa ozimitsa moto zidzakhala zovuta.
Taganizirani izi: chingwe chofupikitsa chamagetsi chikhoza kuyatsa moto pansi pa desiki muofesi yogwirira ntchito kapena cubicle. Zenera lililonse la nyumbayi ndi galasi laminated, ndipo palibe chomwe chingatsegulidwe. petrochemical synthetic material (pulasitiki), utsi wochokera kumayambiriro kwa moto uli kale mdima komanso wopweteka.Posakhalitsa, motowo udzafalikira ku mipando ya ofesi ndi ma cubicles omveka bwino, onse odzazidwa ndi thovu la polyurethane ndi yokutidwa ndi vinyl kapena polyester nsalu. kutentha kwa moto kunayambitsa sprinkler imodzi kapena zingapo, kuletsa moto kuti usapitirire, koma palibe utsi umene unapangidwa.
Zopopera sizimazimitsa moto, ndikuusiya ukuyaka kapena kuyaka mosakwanira. Poganizira kuti carbon monoxide (CO) imapangidwa chifukwa cha kuyaka kosakwanira, maofesi amaofesi amadzaza ndi utsi wokhuthala, woziziritsidwa ndi madzi womwe uli ndi kuchuluka koopsa kwa CO. macheka sangathe kugwira ntchito m'malo osuta, opanda mpweya wa okosijeni, macheka amasiku ano opangidwa ndi batri ndi abwino popanga mpweya m'mawindo agalasi laminated.
Njira yothetsera mpweya wabwino wa nyumba zokhala ndi mazenera osasunthika, otsekedwa, osakhudzidwa ndi zowonongeka ndi njira yoyendetsera utsi yokonzedwa bwino komanso yoyendetsedwa bwino.Izi zikuphatikizapo mndandanda wa mafani amphamvu opangidwa mwaluso, ma ducts akuluakulu ndi otulutsa mpweya, ndi ma dampers kuti azitha kuyendetsa mpweya ndi mpweya. kusuta.
MDFR inagwira ntchito ku kampani yake yopulumutsira zachipatala ndi msilikali ndi ozimitsa moto awiri.Magawowa ali ndi zida zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi makampani a makwerero ndipo motero amachita ntchito ya makampani a makwerero pamoto wa zomangamanga;iwo ali ndi udindo wokakamiza kulowa ndi kufufuza.Kwa zaka zambiri, madokotala anali ndi makina opangira mafuta a petulo ndi macheka ozungulira mpaka nkhawa za mpweya wa petulo wolowa m'chipinda cha odwala zinachititsa kuti achotsedwe. zida zobwezeretsa mphamvu zolowera mokakamiza za kampani yopulumutsira, makamaka kudula chotchinga choletsa kuba chomwe chimapezeka pazitseko ndi mazenera kudera la Miami.Dipatimentiyi idayesa macheka ozungulira komanso obwereza omwe amayendetsedwa ndi mabatire a nickel-cadmium (ni-cad). macheka opangidwa ndi batri amatha kudula magalasi opangidwa ndi utsi ndi mpweya wopanda mpweya, galasi liyenera "kufewetsa" pomenya galasi ndi chida, ndikuphwanya zigawo zamkati ndi zakunja za galasi kuti machekawo angodula zonse. mkatikati mwazinthu zapakati.Ngakhale zonyamula komanso zofulumira kutumiza, palibe zida izi zomwe zimagwira ntchito ngati macheka opangidwa ndi petulo.
Mu 2019, dipatimenti inapempha Technical Rescue Team (TRT) kuti iwunikire mbadwo watsopano wa macheka a lithiamu-ion (li-ion) opangidwa ndi batire kuchokera kwa opanga awiri. Mosiyana ndi mabatire a NiCd, mabatire a Li-Ion sachepetsa mphamvu ya Chidacho chikataya mphamvu yawo. Wozimitsa moto amadula rebar muzitsulo zotsutsana ndi kuba rebar. Malingana ndi ndemanga zabwino zochokera ku TRT, dipatimentiyi ili ndi chidaliro kuti yapeza mawonekedwe apamwamba kwambiri omwe amawona kuti akuyang'ana kupulumutsa kwachipatala. -to" zida pazovuta zilizonse zodula ndipo zathandiza kupulumutsa miyoyo pakuchita izi.
Opepuka, osavuta kuwongolera, komanso okhazikika, machekawa amagwira ntchito bwino akamadula m'mipata yothina kapena pafupi ndi ozunzidwa.Amakhala bwino pakudulidwa kwa abrasive.Panthawi yowunika, dipatimentiyo idapeza kuti tsamba labwino kwambiri la macheka (mwaukadaulo osati macheka, koma abrasive kudula chimbale) anali vacuum brazed diamondi-inlaid saw blade.Kuphatikizapo kudula khalidwe la diamondi m'mphepete, masambawa amadulanso mabala woonda kwambiri;Chifukwa chake, machekawo amakhala ndi mikangano yocheperako kuposa yomwe ili ndi macheka amtundu wa diamondi wamba. Mitundu yonseyi ili ndi tsamba la 9" m'mimba mwake ndi 3.5 ″ kuya kuya.
Kampani iliyonse imatumiza mabatire anayi;imodzi imasungidwa mu dorm charger, ndipo ena amanyamulidwa ndi macheka.Bwezerani batire m'munda chifukwa batire yatha kapena yatenthedwa.Pamene pakali pano imachokera ku batri ya lithiamu-ion, kutentha kumapangidwa;chovuta komanso chotalikirapo ma saw ndi, kutentha kwa batri kudzafika mpaka dera la chitetezo mu batri lizimitsa.Mabatire ochokera kwa opanga onse ali ndi magetsi omwe amasonyeza kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zilipo.Kuwala kumayamba kuwomba, batire imatenthedwa. Analamula batire lalikulu kwambiri kuchokera kwa wopanga kuti macheka awonjezere nthawi yothamanga ndikuchepetsa kutulutsa kutentha.
Pambuyo pa gawo loyesa, dipatimentiyi inapanga ndikupereka pulogalamu ya sitima yapamtunda kwa makampani opulumutsa anthu odwala kuti aphunzire kugwiritsa ntchito macheka awo omwe angotulutsidwa kumene mogwira mtima.Oyankha kuchipatala adzaphunzitsa ogwira ntchito zamakampani ozimitsa moto mu njira zodulira komanso kuthekera ndi zolephera za macheka.
Ogwira ntchitoyo adaphunzira kuti macheka opangira batire analibe mphamvu ndi torque yomwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsira ntchito macheka a pneumatic.Macheka amtundu wina anali ndi kuwala kowonetsera katundu, ndipo pamene machekawo adagwa, kusintha kwa mphindi imodzi (rpm) anali atatsika mpaka pamene macheka sanalinso ogwira ntchito ndipo batire inali pangozi yotentha kwambiri.Ogwira ntchito amaphunzitsidwa kumvetsera macheka. macheka ndi kuchepetsa liwiro limene woyendetsa amakoka macheka mwa kudula.
Kuonjezera apo, ogwira ntchito amaphunzitsidwa kukula kwa cholinga cholowera mokakamiza kuti adziwe chiwerengero chochepa cha mabala opambana kapena opambana kwambiri. M'malo moyesera kudula mipata yayikulu pamwamba ndi zitseko zogwedezeka, gwiritsani ntchito macheka opangidwa ndi batri kuti mudule mipata yaing'ono "opaleshoni" kuti mufike. Mwachitsanzo, zitseko zambiri zam'mwamba zamalonda ku South Florida zimatetezedwa ndi zingwe zotsekemera zomwe zimamangiriridwa mkati mwa gawo lachiwiri. ndikumasula latch.Kuzama kocheperako kwa macheka (masentimita 3.5 okha) sikunali vuto, popeza wogwiritsa ntchitoyo amapewa kudula zolimbitsa thupi zilizonse.
Kudula chitseko chakufa pachitseko chomwe chimatuluka, menyani nkhwangwa kapena halligan's adz pakati pa chitseko ndi jamb kuti tsambalo liziyenda momasuka.Mukamadula mpweya mu galasi laminated, pangani mabala atatu pamwamba ndi mbali za kutsegula, ndi kukokera mdulidwe mu nyumba.
Mu Chithunzi 11, silinda ya loko imadulidwa kuchokera pakati pa chitseko cholimba chachitsulo.Macheka amadula mosavuta ndodo zachitsulo zomwe zimachokera pamwamba, pansi, ndi mbali za chitseko.
Pachithunzi cha 12, mawonedwe opangidwa ndi batri amadula mwamsanga mutu wa bolt wa ngolo yokakamizidwa kulowa mzati.
Popeza MDFR idapeza macheka opangidwa ndi batri ya lithiamu-ion, ogwira nawo ntchito adawagwiritsa ntchito bwino populumutsa anthu, kuphatikizapo kudula rebar mu ntchito zowononga konkire, kudula zida zamakina pamakina otchera misampha, ndikudula odwala mwaulere populumutsa nkhonya.
Makampani opanga zida adayankha kupambana kwa machekawa pamisika yomanga ndi yogula zida.MDFR inali ndi opanga awiri omwe angasankhe mu 2019;tsopano ili ndi macheka asanu omangamanga, opangidwa ndi batri.Madipatimenti oyaka moto ayenera kufufuza mbali zonse za macheka asanasankhe chizindikiro chapadera.Zosankha zosankhidwa zikuphatikizapo ntchito, kuya kwa kudula, kukhazikika, moyo wa batri, mtengo wa batri ndi kupezeka. , ndi chithandizo cha opanga.
Zitseko za zitseko zapamwamba ndi zabwino pophunzitsa kugudubuza pamwamba, makatani omata, ndi njira zodulira zitseko za garage. Pachithunzi 13, prop imagwiritsidwa ntchito poyeserera njira zodulira pakhomo lapanyumba. chitsulo chotchinga ndikuchimanga panjira ya zotsekera zodzigudubuza zam'mwamba za malo ophunzitsira. Chimbale chotsetsereka chotchingidwa ndi zingwe zomangira chimathandizira pobowola pachitseko chosiyidwa chotchinga chapamwamba chomwe chimatsamira pa chimango.
BILL GUSTIN ndi msilikali wazaka za 48 wazaka zamoto komanso kapitawo wa Miami-Dade (FL) Fire and Rescue Team.Anayamba ntchito yake yozimitsa moto m'dera la Chicago ndipo anali mlangizi wotsogolera pulogalamu ya chitukuko cha akuluakulu a dipatimenti yake. amaphunzitsa maphunziro aukadaulo komanso akampani ku North America konse. Ndi mkonzi waukadaulo komanso membala wa board ya Fire Engineering ndi FDIC International.
ENRIQUE PERA ndi kapitawo komanso msilikali wazaka 26 wa Miami-Dade (FL) Fire Rescue, akutsogolera pulogalamu yopulumutsira luso.Iye ndi Technical Rescue Technician, Hazmat Technician, ndi Heavy Equipment and Rigging Specialist wa USAR FL-TF1.Perea amaphunzitsa mbali zonse za ntchito zapadera za mabungwe osiyanasiyana ndipo ndi mphunzitsi wamkulu wa IAFF.Ali ndi digiri ya bachelor mu engineering ya Civil engineering ndipo akuchita digiri ya master mu structural engineering.
Bill Gustin adzapereka "Ntchito kwa Akuluakulu Atsopano Omwe Akwezedwa" Lolemba, Epulo 25, 1:30-5:30 pm ndi Lachitatu, Epulo 27, 3:30-5:15 pm, ku FDIC ku Indianapolis pamsonkhano wapadziko lonse wa 2022. .
Nthawi yotumiza: May-24-2022