Pali njira zingapo zopiringa kapena kufalitsa milomo pa gawo la cylindrical. Mwachitsanzo, izi zitha kuchitika pogwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira kapena orbital akamaumba. Komabe, vuto la njirazi (makamaka yoyamba) ndiloti zimafuna mphamvu zambiri.
Izi sizoyenera kuzigawo zokhala ndi mipanda yopyapyala kapena zida zopangidwa kuchokera ku zida zocheperako. Pazogwiritsa ntchito izi, njira yachitatu imatuluka: mbiri.
Monga orbital ndi ma radial kupanga, kugubuduza ndi njira yopanda mphamvu yopanga chitsulo chozizira. Komabe, m'malo mopanga mutu wa positi kapena rivet, njirayi imapanga zopiringa kapena m'mphepete m'mphepete kapena m'mphepete mwa chidutswa chopanda kanthu. Izi zikhoza kuchitidwa kuti muteteze chigawo chimodzi (monga chonyamulira kapena kapu) mkati mwa chigawo china, kapena kungochiza mapeto a chubu chachitsulo kuti chikhale chotetezeka, kuwongolera maonekedwe ake, kapena kuti chikhale chosavuta kulowetsa chubu. mkatikati mwa chubu chachitsulo. gawo lina.
Pakupanga kwa orbital ndi ma radial, mutu umapangidwa pogwiritsa ntchito nyundo yamutu yomwe imamangiriridwa ku spindle yozungulira, yomwe nthawi yomweyo imagwira ntchito yotsika pansi. Polemba mbiri, ma roller angapo amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa nozzles. Mutu umazungulira 300 mpaka 600 rpm, ndipo pass iliyonse ya chogudubuza imakankhira pang'onopang'ono ndi kusalaza zinthuzo kuti zikhale zopanda msoko, zokhazikika. Poyerekeza, ntchito zopanga njanji zimayendetsedwa pa 1200 rpm.
"Ma orbital ndi ma radial modes ndiabwino kwambiri pama rivets olimba. Ndikwabwinoko pazigawo za tubular, "atero a Tim Lauritzen, mainjiniya opanga zinthu ku BalTec Corp.
Odzigudubuza amawoloka chogwiritsira ntchito motsatira mzere wolunjika, pang'onopang'ono kupanga zinthuzo kukhala mawonekedwe omwe akufuna. Izi zimatenga pafupifupi 1 mpaka 6 masekondi.
"[Nthawi yopangira] zimatengera zinthu, momwe zimafunikira kusuntha komanso momwe zinthuzo zimafunikira kupanga," adatero Brian Wright, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wazogulitsa ku Orbitform Group. "Muyenera kuganizira makulidwe a khoma ndi kulimba kwa chitoliro."
Mpukutuwu ukhoza kupangidwa kuchokera pamwamba mpaka pansi, pansi mpaka pamwamba kapena pambali. Chofunikira chokha ndikupereka malo okwanira zida.
Njirayi imatha kupanga zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikizapo mkuwa, mkuwa, aluminiyamu, chitsulo chofewa, chitsulo cha carbon, ndi zitsulo zosapanga dzimbiri.
"Aluminiyamu yotayira ndi chinthu chabwino chopangira mipukutu chifukwa kuvala kumatha kuchitika popanga," akutero Lauritzen. “Nthawi zina pamafunika kudzoza ziwalo kuti muchepetse kuvala. M’malo mwake, tapanga dongosolo lopaka mafuta odzigudubuza pamene amaumba zinthuzo.”
Kupanga mpukutu kungagwiritsidwe ntchito kupanga makoma omwe ali 0.03 mpaka 0.12 mainchesi. Kutalika kwa machubu kumasiyanasiyana kuyambira mainchesi 0,5 mpaka 18. "Mapulogalamu ambiri amakhala pakati pa 1 ndi 6 mainchesi m'mimba mwake," akutero Wright.
Chifukwa cha chigawo chowonjezera cha torque, kupanga mipukutu kumafuna mphamvu yochepera 20% yotsika kuti ipange chopiringa kapena m'mphepete kuposa chopukutira. Chifukwa chake, njirayi ndi yoyenera pazinthu zosalimba monga aluminiyamu yotayira ndi zida zomvera monga masensa.
“Mukagwiritsa ntchito makina osindikizira kupanga machubu, mungafunike mphamvu yowirikiza kasanu ngati mutagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mipukutu,” akutero Wright. "Mphamvu zapamwamba zimawonjezera kwambiri chiopsezo cha kukula kwa mapaipi kapena kupindika, kotero zida tsopano zikukhala zovuta komanso zodula.
Pali mitundu iwiri ya mitu yodzigudubuza: mitu yodzigudubuza ndi mitu yodziwika bwino. Mitu yosasunthika ndiyo yofala kwambiri. Ili ndi mawilo oyenda molunjika pamalo okonzedweratu. Kupanga mphamvu kumagwiritsidwa ntchito vertically ku workpiece.
Mosiyana ndi izi, mutu wa pivot umakhala ndi zodzigudubuza zopendekeka zokhazikika pamapini omwe amayenda mofanana, ngati nsagwada za chuck za makina osindikizira. Zala zimasuntha chodzigudubuza mozungulira mu chogwirira ntchito chopangidwa panthawi imodzimodziyo kugwiritsira ntchito clamping katundu pa msonkhano. Mutu wamtunduwu ndi wothandiza ngati mbali za msonkhano zikukwera pamwamba pa dzenje lapakati.
"Mtundu uwu umagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu kuchokera kunja," akufotokoza Wright. "Mutha kulowera mkati kapena kupanga zinthu monga ma O-ring grooves kapena ma undercuts. Mutu woyendetsa umangosuntha chidacho mmwamba ndi pansi pa Z axis. "
Njira yopangira ma pivot roller imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga mapaipi oyikapo. "Njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga groove kunja kwa gawolo ndi mzere wofananira mkati mwa gawo lomwe limakhala ngati choyimitsa chokhazikika," akufotokoza Wright. “Kenako, chonyamulacho chikalowa, mumapanga kumapeto kwa chubu kuti mutetezeke. M'mbuyomu, opanga amayenera kudula phewa mu chubu ngati choyimitsa chokhazikika. ”
Mukakhala ndi zida zowonjezera zosinthika zamkati zosinthika, cholumikizira chozungulira chimatha kupanga m'mimba mwake wakunja ndi wamkati wa chogwirira ntchito.
Kaya ndi static kapena kufotokozera, msonkhano uliwonse wa mutu wodzigudubuza ndi wodzigudubuza umapangidwira kuti ugwiritse ntchito. Komabe, mutu wodzigudubuza umasinthidwa mosavuta. M'malo mwake, makina oyambira omwewo amatha kupanga njanji ndikugudubuza. Ndipo monga mawonekedwe a orbital ndi ma radial, kupanga mipukutu kumatha kuchitidwa ngati njira yoyimilira yokha kapena yophatikizidwira mumsonkhano wokhazikika wokhazikika.
Zodzigudubuza zimapangidwa ndi chitsulo cholimba cholimba ndipo nthawi zambiri zimakhala kuchokera mainchesi 1 mpaka 1.5 m'mimba mwake, adatero Lauritzen. Chiwerengero cha odzigudubuza pamutu chimadalira makulidwe ndi zinthu za gawolo, komanso kuchuluka kwa mphamvu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito. Chomwe chimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi chodzigudubuza chachitatu. Zigawo zing'onozing'ono zingafune zodzigudubuza ziwiri zokha, pamene zigawo zazikulu kwambiri zingafunike zisanu ndi chimodzi.
"Zimadalira pakugwiritsa ntchito, kutengera kukula ndi kukula kwa gawolo komanso momwe mukufuna kusuntha zinthuzo," adatero Wright.
"Maperesenti makumi asanu ndi anayi ndi mphambu zisanu mwazomwe amafunsira ndi pneumatic," adatero Wright. "Ngati mukufuna ntchito yolondola kwambiri kapena yaukhondo m'chipinda, mumafunika magetsi."
Nthawi zina, mapepala oponderezedwa angapangidwe mu dongosolo kuti agwiritse ntchito katundu woyambirira ku chigawocho chisanayambe kuumba. Nthawi zina, chosinthira chosiyana chosiyana chimatha kupangidwa mu clamping pad kuti ayeze kutalika kwa chigawocho musanasonkhene ngati cheke chaubwino.
Zosintha zazikuluzikulu munjira iyi ndi mphamvu ya axial, mphamvu yozungulira (pankhani ya mapangidwe odzigudubuza), torque, liwiro lozungulira, nthawi ndi kusamuka. Zokonda izi zimasiyana malinga ndi kukula kwa gawo, zinthu, ndi zofunikira za mphamvu ya bondi. Monga kukanikiza, kachitidwe ka orbital ndi ma radial, makina opangira amatha kukhala ndi zida zoyezera mphamvu ndi kusamuka pakapita nthawi.
Otsatsa zida atha kupereka chitsogozo pazigawo zabwino kwambiri komanso chitsogozo pakupanga gawo la preform geometry. Cholinga chake ndi chakuti zinthuzo zitsatire njira yochepetsera kukana. Kusuntha kwazinthu sikuyenera kupitilira mtunda wofunikira kuti muteteze kulumikizana.
M'makampani opanga magalimoto, njirayi imagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa ma valve a solenoid, ma sensor housings, otsatira cam, zolumikizira mpira, zotsekera, zosefera, mapampu amafuta, mapampu amadzi, mapampu a vacuum, ma hydraulic valves, ndodo zomangira, misonkhano ya airbag, zipilala zowongolera, ndi antistatic shock absorbers Letsani zobweza zambiri.
Lauritzen anati: “Posachedwapa tidagwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu yomwe tidapanga chipewa cha chrome pamwamba pa choyikapo cha ulusi kuti tipange mtedza wapamwamba kwambiri.
Wogulitsa magalimoto amagwiritsa ntchito mipukutu kuti ateteze mayendedwe mkati mwa nyumba yapampu yamadzi ya aluminiyamu. Kampaniyo imagwiritsa ntchito mphete zosungira kuti zitetezeke. Kugudubuza kumapanga mgwirizano wamphamvu ndikusunga mtengo wa mphete, komanso nthawi ndi ndalama zopangira mpheteyo.
M'makampani opanga zida zamankhwala, mbiri imagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga ma prosthetic joints ndi catheter. M'makampani amagetsi, kufotokozera kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kusonkhanitsa mamita, zitsulo, capacitors ndi mabatire. Zophatikiza zamlengalenga zimagwiritsa ntchito kupanga mpukutu kupanga ma bearing ndi ma valve a poppet. Ukadaulowu umagwiritsidwanso ntchito popanga mabulaketi a chitofu cha msasa, zoboola matebulo, ndi zoyikapo mapaipi.
Pafupifupi 98% yazopanga ku United States zimachokera ku mabizinesi ang'onoang'ono ndi apakatikati. Lowani nawo Greg Whitt, Process Improvement Manager pa RV wopanga MOrryde, ndi Ryan Kuhlenbeck, CEO wa Pico MES, pamene akukambirana momwe mabizinesi apakatikati angasunthike kuchoka pamanja kupita ku digito, kuyambira pansi pashopu.
Dziko lathu likukumana ndi mavuto azachuma, chikhalidwe ndi chilengedwe omwe sanachitikepo. Katswiri wotsogolera komanso wolemba Olivier Larue amakhulupirira kuti maziko othetsera ambiri mwa mavutowa angapezeke pamalo odabwitsa: Toyota Production System (TPS).
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-09-2023