Chithunzi 1. Mu kupindika kwa CNC, komwe kumadziwika kuti kupindika kwamagulu, chitsulo chimangiriridwa m'malo mwake ndipo masamba opindika pamwamba ndi pansi amapanga ma flanges abwino komanso oyipa.
Malo ogulitsira zitsulo amatha kukhala ndi makina opindika. Zowona, makina opindika ndi omwe amapezeka kwambiri, koma masitolo ena akugulitsanso njira zina zopangira monga kupindika ndi kupindika mapanelo. Machitidwe onsewa amathandizira kupanga magawo osiyanasiyana popanda kugwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera.
Kupanga zitsulo zopanga pakupanga kwakukulu kukukulanso. Mafakitole oterowo safunikiranso kudalira zida za mankhwala. Tsopano ali ndi mzere wodziyimira pachofunika chilichonse chopanga, kuphatikiza kupindika kwamitundu yosiyanasiyana, kuyambira pamakona mpaka kukanikiza ndi kupindika. Pafupifupi ma module onsewa amagwiritsa ntchito zida zing'onozing'ono, zokhudzana ndi malonda kuti agwire ntchito zawo.
Mizere yamakono yopindika yachitsulo imagwiritsa ntchito lingaliro la "kupindika". Izi ndichifukwa choti amapereka mitundu yosiyanasiyana yopindika kupitilira zomwe zimatchedwa kupindika kwamagulu, komwe kumadziwikanso kuti CNC kupinda.
Kupindika kwa CNC (onani zithunzi 1 ndi 2) ikadali imodzi mwazinthu zodziwika bwino pamizere yopangira makina, makamaka chifukwa cha kusinthasintha kwake. Mapanelo amasunthidwa m'malo mwake pogwiritsa ntchito mkono wa robotic (wokhala ndi "miyendo" yomwe imagwira ndikusuntha mapanelo) kapena lamba wapadera wolumikizira. Ma conveyor amakonda kugwira ntchito bwino ngati mapepalawo adadulidwa kale ndi mabowo, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti loboti ikhale yovuta kuti isamuke.
Zala ziwiri zimatuluka kuchokera pansi mpaka pakati pa gawolo musanapindike. Pambuyo pake, pepalalo limakhala pansi pa clamp, yomwe imatsitsa ndikukonza chogwirira ntchito m'malo mwake. Tsamba lomwe limakhota kuchokera m'munsi limayenda m'mwamba, ndikupanga makongoletsedwe abwino, ndipo tsamba lomwe limakhota kuchokera pamwamba limapanga piritsi loyipa.
Ganizirani za bender ngati "C" yayikulu yokhala ndi masamba apamwamba ndi apansi pamapeto onse awiri. Kutalika kwa alumali kumatsimikiziridwa ndi khosi kumbuyo kwa tsamba lopindika kapena kumbuyo kwa "C".
Izi zimawonjezera liwiro lopindika. Flange yodziwika bwino, yabwino kapena yoyipa, imatha kupangidwa mu theka la sekondi. Kusuntha kwa tsamba lopindika kumakhala kosiyanasiyana, kukulolani kuti mupange mawonekedwe ambiri, kuyambira osavuta mpaka ovuta kwambiri. Zimathandizanso kuti pulogalamu ya CNC isinthe mawonekedwe akunja a bend posintha malo enieni a mbale yopindika. Kuyandikira choyikapo ndi chida chokhomerera, chocheperako chozungulira gawolo chimakhala pafupifupi kuwirikiza kawiri kuchuluka kwa zinthuzo.
Kuwongolera kosinthika kumeneku kumaperekanso kusinthasintha pankhani yopindika. Nthawi zina, ngati kupindika komaliza kumbali imodzi kuli kolakwika (kumunsi), tsamba lopindika limatha kuchotsedwa ndipo makina oyendetsa amakweza chogwirira ntchito ndikuchitengera kumunsi.
Kupinda kwadongosolo kwachikhalidwe kumakhala ndi zovuta, makamaka zikafika pantchito yofunika kwambiri. Masamba opindika amakonda kusuntha kotero kuti nsonga ya tsambayo sikhala pamalo amodzi panthawi yopindika. M'malo mwake, imakonda kukokera pang'ono, mofanana ndi momwe pepalalo limakokera pamphepete mwa phewa panthawi yopindika ma brake (ngakhale mukupindika kwa gulu, kukana kumachitika kokha pamene tsamba lopindika ndikulumikizana ndi mfundo ndi mfundo. pamwamba).
Lowetsani kupindika kozungulira, kofanana ndi kupukutira pa makina osiyana (onani mkuyu 3). Panthawiyi, mtengo wopindika umazungulira kuti chidacho chikhalebe chogwirizana ndi malo amodzi pamtunda wakunja kwa workpiece. Makina ambiri amakono opindika opindika amatha kupangidwa kuti mtengo wa swivel upinde mmwamba ndi pansi monga momwe ntchito ikufunira. Ndiko kuti, amatha kuzunguliridwa m'mwamba kuti apange flange yabwino, kuyikanso kuti azungulire mozungulira nsonga yatsopano, ndiyeno amapindika choyipa (ndi mosemphanitsa).
Chithunzi 2. M'malo mwa mkono wamba wa loboti, selo lopindika ili limagwiritsa ntchito lamba wapadera wolumikizira kuti agwiritse ntchito.
Ntchito zopindika zozungulira, zomwe zimadziwika kuti kupindika kawiri, zimagwiritsa ntchito matabwa awiri kuti apange mawonekedwe apadera monga ma Z-mawonekedwe omwe amaphatikiza ma bend abwino ndi oyipa. Makina amtundu umodzi amatha kupindika mawonekedwewa pogwiritsa ntchito kasinthasintha, koma kupeza mizere yonse kumafuna kutembenuza pepala. Dongosolo lopindika la pivot lawiri limalola mwayi wofikira mizere yonse yopindika mu Z-bend osatembenuza pepalalo.
Kupinda kozungulira kuli ndi malire ake. Ngati ma geometries ovuta kwambiri amafunikira kuti agwiritse ntchito, CNC kupinda ndikuyenda kosalekeza kwa masamba opindika ndiye chisankho chabwino kwambiri.
Vuto la kink lozungulira limapezekanso pamene kink yomaliza imakhala yoipa. Pomwe mapindikidwe a CNC amapindika amatha kusuntha cham'mbuyo ndi cham'mbali, matabwa opindika sangathe kuyenda motere. Kupindika koyipa komaliza kumafuna wina kuti awakankhire mwakuthupi. Ngakhale izi ndi zotheka m'makina omwe amafunikira kulowererapo kwa anthu, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatheka pamizere yopindika yokha.
Mizere yodziyimira yokhayokha siyimangokhala yopindika ndi kupindika - zomwe zimatchedwa "kupindika kopingasa", pomwe pepala limakhala lathyathyathya ndipo mashelufu amapindika mmwamba kapena pansi. Njira zina zoumba zimakulitsa mwayi. Izi zikuphatikiza ntchito zapadera zophatikizira ma braking a press ndi roll kupinda. Njirayi idapangidwira kupanga zinthu monga mabokosi otsekera (onani zithunzi 4 ndi 5).
Tiyerekeze kuti chogwirira ntchito chikutengedwa kupita kumalo opindika. Zala zimayendetsa chogwirira ntchito mozungulira pa tebulo la burashi ndi pakati pa nkhonya yapamwamba ndi yapansi. Mofanana ndi njira zina zopindika zokha, chogwirira ntchito chimakhala chapakati ndipo wowongolera amadziwa komwe mzere uli, kotero palibe chifukwa chokhalira kumbuyo kwa kufa.
Kuti mupirire ndi brake yosindikizira, nkhonyayo imatsitsidwa mukufa, kupindika kumapangidwa, ndipo zala zimayendetsa pepalalo kupita ku mzere wina wokhotakhota, monga momwe wogwiritsira ntchito amachitira patsogolo pa makina osindikizira. Opaleshoniyo imathanso kupindika (yomwe imadziwikanso kuti kupindika kwa masitepe) m'mbali mwa utali wozungulira, monga pamakina opindika wamba.
Zoonadi, monga mabuleki osindikizira, kupindika milomo pamzere wopangira makina kumasiya njira yopindika. Kwa mapindikidwe okhala ndi ma radii akulu, kugwiritsa ntchito kugunda kokha kumatha kuwonjezera nthawi yozungulira.
Apa ndipamene gawo lopindika la roll limalowa. Pamene nkhonya ndi kufa zili m'malo ena, chidacho chimasandulika kukhala bender ya chitoliro chachitatu. Nsonga ya nkhonya pamwamba ndi "wodzigudubuza" pamwamba ndipo ma tabu a pansi V-die ndi awiri odzigudubuza pansi. Zala zamakina zimakankhira pepala, ndikupanga utali wozungulira. Pambuyo popinda ndikugudubuza, nkhonya yapamwamba imasunthira mmwamba ndikuchoka, ndikusiya malo a zala kukankhira gawo lopangidwa kutsogolo kunja kwa ntchito.
Kupindika pamakina opanga makina kumatha kupanga mwachangu ma curve akulu akulu. Koma kwa ena ntchito pali njira yachangu. Izi zimatchedwa flexible variable radius. Iyi ndi njira yaumwini yomwe idapangidwira zida za aluminiyamu mumakampani owunikira (onani Chithunzi 6).
Kuti mudziwe za ndondomekoyi, ganizirani zomwe zimachitika pa tepiyo mukayiyika pakati pa lumo ndi chala chanu. Iye amapotoza. Lingaliro lofunikira lomweli limagwiranso ntchito pazopindika zopindika zosinthika, ndikungogwira pang'ono, kofatsa kwa chida ndipo utali wozungulira umapangidwa mowongolera kwambiri.
Chithunzi 3. Popinda kapena kupindika ndi kuzungulira, mtengo wopindika umazungulira kuti chidacho chikhalebe cholumikizana ndi malo amodzi kunja kwa pepala.
Tangoganizani kanthu kakang'ono kopanda kanthu komwe kali ndi zinthu zoti ziumbe kuti zichirikidwe bwino pansi. Chida chopindika chimatsitsidwa, kukanikizidwa ndi zinthuzo ndikutsogola ku chogwirira chomwe chimagwira ntchito. Kusuntha kwa chida kumapangitsa kuti pakhale chisokonezo ndipo kumapangitsa chitsulo "kupotoza" kumbuyo kwake ndi radius inayake. Mphamvu ya chida chomwe chimagwira pazitsulo chimatsimikizira kuchuluka kwa zovuta zomwe zimapangidwira komanso momwe zimakhalira. Ndi kayendetsedwe kameneka, makina opindika ozungulira amatha kupanga ma radius akulu mwachangu kwambiri. Ndipo chifukwa chida chimodzi chimatha kupanga radius iliyonse (kachiwiri, mawonekedwewo amatsimikiziridwa ndi kukakamizidwa kwa chipangizocho, osati mawonekedwe), ndondomekoyi siifuna zida zapadera kuti zipirire mankhwala.
Kupanga ngodya muzitsulo zachitsulo kumabweretsa vuto lapadera. Kupangidwa kwa njira yodzichitira yokha pamsika wamagulu a façade (cladding). Njirayi imathetsa kufunikira kwa kuwotcherera ndipo imapanga m'mphepete mwabwino kwambiri, yomwe ndi yofunika kwambiri pazinthu zodzikongoletsera monga ma facades (onani mkuyu 7).
Mumayamba ndi mawonekedwe opanda kanthu omwe amadulidwa kuti kuchuluka kwa zinthu zomwe mukufuna kuziyika pakona iliyonse. Module yopindika mwapadera imapanga kuphatikiza kwa ngodya zakuthwa ndi ma radiyo osalala moyandikana ndi ma flanges, ndikupanga kukulitsa "pre-bend" kuti apange ngodya yotsatira. Pomaliza, chida chokhotakhota (chophatikizidwira kumalo omwewo kapena china chogwirira ntchito) chimapanga ngodya.
Chingwe chopangira makina chikakhazikitsidwa, sichikhala chipilala chosasunthika. Zili ngati kumanga ndi njerwa za Lego. Masamba amatha kuwonjezeredwa, kukonzedwanso, ndi kukonzedwanso. Tangoganizani kuti gawo la msonkhano m'mbuyomu limafuna kuwotcherera kwachiwiri pakona. Pofuna kukonza kupanga ndi kuchepetsa ndalama, mainjiniya anasiya zowotcherera ndikuzipanganso zida zomangirira. Pankhaniyi, malo opangira ma riveting amatha kuwonjezeredwa pamzere. Ndipo popeza mzerewu ndi wokhazikika, suyenera kuthetsedwa kwathunthu. Zili ngati kuwonjezera chidutswa china cha LEGO pachinthu chachikulu.
Zonsezi zimapangitsa kuti makina azikhala owopsa. Tangoganizani mzere wopangira wopangidwa kuti upangitse magawo angapo motsatizana. Ngati mzerewu umagwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera komanso mzere wazinthu ukusintha, mtengo wa zida ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri chifukwa cha zovuta za mzerewo.
Koma ndi zida zosinthika, zatsopano zitha kungofuna makampani kuti akonzenso njerwa za Lego. Onjezani midadada ina apa, sinthaninso ena pamenepo, ndipo mutha kuthamanganso. Inde, sizophweka, koma kukonzanso mzere wopangira si ntchito yovuta ngakhale.
Lego ndi fanizo loyenera la mizere ya autoflex yonse, kaya ikuchita zambiri kapena ma seti. Amakwaniritsa milingo yopangira zinthu pogwiritsa ntchito zida zapadera koma popanda zida zilizonse.
Mafakitole onse akukonzekera kupanga zochuluka, ndipo kuwasandutsa kupanga kwathunthu sikophweka. Kukonzanso mbewu yonse kungafunike kuzimitsidwa kwa nthawi yayitali, zomwe zimakhala zokwera mtengo ku mbewu yomwe imapanga mazana masauzande kapena mamiliyoni a mayunitsi pachaka.
Komabe, pamachitidwe akuluakulu opindika zitsulo, makamaka kwa mbewu zatsopano pogwiritsa ntchito sileti yatsopano, zatheka kupanga ma voliyumu akulu kutengera zida. Pakugwiritsa ntchito moyenera, mphotho zimatha kukhala zazikulu. M'malo mwake, wopanga wina waku Europe wachepetsa nthawi zotsogola kuchokera pa masabata 12 mpaka tsiku limodzi.
Izi sizikutanthauza kuti kutembenuka kwa batch-to-kit sikumveka muzomera zomwe zilipo. Kupatula apo, kuchepetsa nthawi zotsogolera kuyambira masabata mpaka maola kumabweretsa phindu lalikulu pakugulitsa. Koma kwa mabizinesi ambiri, mtengo wakutsogolo ukhoza kukhala wokwera kwambiri kuti ungatenge izi. Komabe, pamizere yatsopano kapena yatsopano, kupanga zopangira zida kumapangitsa kuti pakhale ndalama.
Mpunga. 4 Mu makina opindika ophatikizika awa ndi gawo lopanga mpukutu, pepalalo limatha kuyikidwa ndikupindika pakati pa nkhonya ndi kufa. Munjira yopukutira, nkhonya ndi kufa zimayikidwa kuti zinthuzo zitha kukankhidwa kuti zipange radius.
Popanga mzere wopangira mavoti apamwamba kwambiri pogwiritsa ntchito zida, ganizirani mosamala njira yodyetsera. Mizere yopindika imatha kupangidwa kuti ivomereze zinthu kuchokera kumakoyilo. Zinthuzo sizikhala zovulazidwa, zophwanyidwa, zodulidwa mpaka kutalika ndikudutsa mugawo la stamping kenako kudzera m'magawo osiyanasiyana opangidwa makamaka kwa chinthu chimodzi kapena banja lazogulitsa.
Izi zonse zikumveka bwino kwambiri - ndipo ndikukonza batch. Komabe, nthawi zambiri zimakhala zosatheka kutembenuza mzere wopindika kukhala wopanga zida. Kupanga magawo osiyanasiyana motsatizana kungafune zida zamagiredi ndi makulidwe osiyanasiyana, zomwe zimafuna kusintha masinthidwe. Izi zingayambitse kutsika kwa mphindi 10 - nthawi yochepa yopanga magulu apamwamba / otsika, koma nthawi yochuluka ya mzere wopindika wothamanga kwambiri.
Lingaliro lofananalo limagwiranso ntchito pazinyalala zachikhalidwe, pomwe njira yoyamwitsa imatenga zogwirira ntchito payokha ndikuzidyetsa pamzere wopondaponda ndi kupanga. Nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi malo amtundu umodzi wogwirira ntchito kapena mwina zingapo zamitundu yosiyanasiyana.
Kwa mawaya ambiri opangidwa ndi kit, mashelufu ndioyenera kwambiri. Rack tower imatha kusunga makulidwe osiyanasiyana amitundu yosiyanasiyana, omwe amatha kudyetsedwa pamzere wopanga chimodzi ndi chimodzi ngati pakufunika.
Kupanga makina opangira zida kumafunanso njira zodalirika, makamaka zikafika pakuumba. Aliyense amene wagwira ntchito yopindika zitsulo amadziwa kuti zitsulo zachitsulo ndizosiyana. Makulidwe, komanso kulimba kwamphamvu komanso kulimba, kumatha kukhala kosiyanasiyana, zomwe zimasintha mawonekedwe ake.
Ili si vuto lalikulu ndi kusanja mizere yokha basi. Zogulitsa ndi mizere yogwirizana nazo nthawi zambiri zimapangidwira kuti zilole kusiyanasiyana kwazinthu, motero gulu lonse liyenera kukhala logwirizana. Koma kachiwiri, nthawi zina zinthu zimasintha kwambiri moti mzerewo sungathe kulipira. Pazifukwa izi, ngati mukudula ndi kuumba magawo 100 ndipo mbali zina sizinatchulidwe, mutha kubwerezanso magawo asanu ndipo mumphindi zochepa mudzakhala ndi magawo 100 pa opareshoni yotsatira.
Mu mzere wopindika wopangidwa ndi zida, gawo lililonse liyenera kukhala langwiro. Kuti muwonjezere zokolola, mizere yopangira zidazi imagwira ntchito mwadongosolo kwambiri. Ngati mzere wopanga wapangidwa kuti uziyenda motsatizana, nenani zigawo zisanu ndi ziwiri zosiyana, ndiye kuti makinawo aziyenda motsatira ndondomekoyi, kuyambira pachiyambi mpaka kumapeto. Ngati Gawo #7 lili loyipa, simungangoyendetsanso Gawo #7 chifukwa makinawo sanapangidwe kuti agwire gawo limodzilo. M'malo mwake, muyenera kuyimitsa mzere ndikuyambanso ndi gawo 1.
Pofuna kupewa izi, mzere wokhotakhota wokhawokha umagwiritsa ntchito muyeso wa nthawi yeniyeni wa laser womwe umayang'ana mwachangu mbali iliyonse, kulola makinawo kukonza zosagwirizana.
Kufufuza kwa khalidweli n'kofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kuti mzere wopanga umathandizira ndondomeko yotengera zida. Pamene ndondomekoyi ikupita patsogolo, mzere wopangira zida ukhoza kupulumutsa nthawi yochuluka mwa kuchepetsa nthawi zotsogolera kuyambira miyezi ndi masabata mpaka maola kapena masiku.
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Nthawi yotumiza: May-18-2023