Mzinda wa pachilumba wodzaza ndi ndalama ndi ego yomwe ilibe chochita koma kukwera pamwamba. ndi pamwamba. ndi pamwamba. Tangoganizirani mawonekedwe akumwamba a Manhattan akuyenda pang'onopang'ono, kuyambira cha m'ma 1890-pamene New York Peace Tower idakwera pamtunda wa 284-foot wa Trinity Church-ndikufika pachimake lero: ndi mndandanda wazinthu zakumwamba zomwe zikuchitika, gulu lirilonse lodzikuza likudutsa lomaliza.
Mwinamwake zambiri za mbiriyi zinayendetsedwa ndi mpikisano woopsa-mwachitsanzo, nkhondo yoopsa ya mutu wa nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi pakati pa Chrysler Building ndi Manhattan Bank Trust Building (40 Wall Street), yomwe Chrysler anapambana ndi malire odabwitsa. . malire Kumenya nkhondo: A spire anamanga mobisa anawonjezedwa pa mphindi yomaliza, kukankhira New York mbiri ya kutalika kwa mapazi 1,046 mu mtengo wapatali 11 miyezi isanafike Empire State Building kufika pamwamba. Koma mbiri ya zomangamanga za mzindawu sizingasinthidwe kukhala zimango zamasewera. Zinthu zina zikuchitika. Manhattan idamangidwa chifukwa sinathe kukula ndipo sinathe kukhala chete. Anthu amene angakwanitse kuchita zimenezi amayesetsa kukwera phirilo.
Tsopano tikukhala m’nyengo yosiyana ya kukwera mapiri. Mumzindawu muli nyumba zokwana 21 zokhala ndi denga loposa mapazi 800, zisanu ndi ziwiri mwa zomwe zidamangidwa zaka 15 zapitazi (ndipo zitatu mwazo zidamangidwa m'miyezi 36 yapitayi). Mu mzinda wapadera uwu wa New York, tikufufuza gulu la zisumbu lomwe lili pamwamba pa 21 megastructures. Dera lake lonse ndi pafupifupi masikweya mita 34 miliyoni ndipo limaphatikizapo malo okhalamo apamwamba, malo ogwirira ntchito owoneka bwino (panthawi yomanga ndi pambuyo pake), ma hangout apamwamba kwambiri. M'mawonekedwe, zochitika za kutalika kwatsopano kumeneku zimasiyana ndi zomwe zidachitika kale pomwe mivi idakwezedwa mpaka 400, 500, kapena 600 mapazi. Pamtunda wa mamita 800 ndi kupitirira, pali chinachake chachilendo mu mzinda wokhala ndi misewu yonunkha ndi misewu yodzaza anthu yomwe imadikirira, kusuntha mosasamala ndi kuthamanga - mtundu wamtundu wa alpine. Aliyense wa ku New Yorker amadziwa kuti kudzipatula kosangalatsa komwe kungapezeke pakati pa makamu osadziwika m'misewu. Ndi chinthu chinanso: kudzipatula kwaukali komwe kumachitika chifukwa chofikira pamalingaliro omwe sakuwoneka kuti akugwirizana ndi diso la munthu.
Zaka khumi kuchokera pano, malingaliro omwe aperekedwa m'masamba otsatirawa angawoneke ngati achilendo komanso osakwanira. Koma lero akupereka chithunzithunzi chachilendo cha madera atsopano osowa a mumzindawu kumwamba. Jack Silverstein ♦
Alicia Mattson, amene amagwira ntchito pamwamba pa World Trade Center 1, anayerekezera zimene zinachitika pamtunda wa mamita oposa 800 ndi “kukhala mu chipale chofeŵa chachikulu. Zonse zili bata.” Bwato pamtsinje Mwana. Iye anati: “Mumaganizira kwambiri za kuchuluka kwa mabwato. “Simumaona ngati muli mumzinda.” Pa msinkhu uwu, phokoso la moyo wa mzindawo likutha pamodzi ndi tsatanetsatane wapafupi. Kawonedwe kake ndi kobisika. Magalimoto ndi oyenda pansi mumsewu akuwoneka kuti akukwawa.
"Kodi munganong'oneze bondo ngati kadontho kamodzi kanasiya kusuntha kosatha?" akufunsa Harry Lime pa gudumu la Ferris mu The Third Man.
Ofesi ya Jimmy Park ilinso pansanjika ya 85, ndipo panthawi yake yopuma amakonda kukwera mapiri, mwa kuyankhula kwina, "Mumayang'ana pansi pa zomwe palibe ndipo mumamva ngati muli ndi ulendo wautali." pitani komwe mukufunikira ngati mukufuna chitetezo. Kuwona chapatali nakonso kumachiritsa. Zimachitika pa ndege, m'mapiri, pamphepete mwa nyanja. Ndikumana ndi kasitomala watsopano ndipo tikhala tikuyang'ana pawindo ndikusangalala ndi chete.
Iye akupitiriza kuti: “Zikufanana ndi “maonekedwe” amene akatswiri a zakuthambo amaona ndipo zachititsa kuti chilengedwe chiziyenda bwino. Mumazindikira kuti ndinu wamng'ono komanso kukula kwa dziko. "
Chipangano Chakale chimalengeza kuti chigwa chilichonse chikwezedwe ndipo phiri lililonse litsitsidwe, mogwirizana ndi malingaliro akale a kuchuluka ndi kulinganiza. Podzafika m’zaka za m’ma 1700, mantha, mantha, ndi chisangalalo zimene poyamba zinali za Mulungu zinali zitasanduka zochitika za m’chilengedwe monga mapiri ndi nsonga zogonjetsera nsonga. Kant adachitcha "chokongola kwambiri." M'zaka za zana la 19, ndi chitukuko cha matekinoloje atsopano ndi mizinda, zachilengedwe zinali zotsutsana ndi zopangidwa ndi anthu. Wopambana amakhala wofikirika pokwera pamwamba pa nyumba zazitali.
Mwa mzimu uwu, Richard Morris Hunt adapanga Nyumba ya New York Tribune, yomwe idamalizidwa mu 1875, yokhala ndi nsanja ya belu yamamita 260 yomwe imapikisana ndi spire ya Trinity Church ngati nyumba yayitali kwambiri mumzindawu. Patatha zaka 200, Daniel Burnham's 285-foot Flatiron Building inakhazikitsa malo abwino kwaatali ndi owonda, posakhalitsa adapikisana ndi MetLife Tower ya 700-foot moyang'anizana ndi Madison Square Park. pafupi ndi Woolworth Building Cass Gilbert, 1913, 792 ft.
Pasanathe zaka 20, New York skyline anapeza Platonic yabwino mu Chrysler ndi Empire State Building. Mlongoti wa Empire State Building's 204-foot moring mast, womwe sunayambe waimapo, ndiwofanana ndi malonda a Trinity College's spire. Monga momwe EB White akulembera, maonekedwe a mzindawo ali “ku dziko monga momwe minga ya matchalitchi yoyera iliri kumidzi—zizindikiro zooneka za chikhumbo ndi chikhulupiriro, nthenga zoyera zoloza njira yopita kumwamba.”
Malo otsetsereka a New York asanduka chithunzi cha mzindawu, chithunzi cha positikhadi cha American Age ndi chithunzi chapamwamba cha kanema, mawonekedwe ake owonetsa zomwe zikuchitika pansipa. Lingaliro la White lidakhazikitsidwa ndi moyo wamsewu, momwe nsanja zimakumana ndi misewu ndi m'mphepete mwake. Mizinda yofuna kutchuka m'zaka makumi angapo zapitazi yamanga nyumba zazitali kuposa New York City koma sizinalowe m'malo mwa Manhattan, mwa zina chifukwa mawonekedwe amlengalenga ndi maziko akukula kwamatauni, ngati sikunachokere kumadera enieni, okhala ndi anthu ambiri.
Zaka makumi asanu zapitazo, ku Manhattan, udindo udatsimikiziridwa ndi kukhazikika kwa anthu oyandikana nawo, osati kutalika kokha: nyumba yapansi ya 20th pa Park Avenue ikuyimirabe pachimake cha piramidi ya chikhalidwe cha anthu. Panthawiyo, mtunda wautali ngati 800 mapazi ambiri anali nyumba zamalonda, osati nyumba zogona. Opanga ma skyscrapers amatsatsa makampani. Ndi kutalika kotere, ndalama zomangira zapamwamba sizingapangidwe ndi nyumba zokha.
Izi zangosintha mzaka khumi zapitazi, pomwe zipinda zanyumba zapamwamba ngati 15 Central Park West zidagula $3,000 kapena kuposerapo pa phazi limodzi. Mwadzidzidzi, pulojekiti yayitali kwambiri, yopyapyala kwambiri ya 57th Street yokhala ndi slab yayikulu yokwanira nyumba imodzi kapena ziwiri ndipo ikufuna ma elevator ocheperako kuti atenge malo kuposa nyumba yamalonda lidzakhala vuto kwa opanga ankhanza. opindulitsa. Amisiri otchuka omanga nyumba anali nawo. Monga Carol Willis, woyambitsa wamkulu wa Skyscraper Museum ku Lower Manhattan, amakonda kunena, mawonekedwe amatsatira zachuma.
Kutalika kunasintha mwadzidzidzi malo oyandikana nawo ngati chizindikiro, mwa zina chifukwa malamulo oyendetsera malo amawongolera nyumba zosanjikizana m'malo osagwiritsidwa ntchito mosiyanasiyana mumzindawu monga 57th Street, yomwe idaperekanso mwayi wopanga ndalama ku Central Park, mwina chifukwa cholinga chake chinali ku South Asia. ochita malonda amkuwa ndi oligarchs aku Russia alibe zolimbikitsa kukhala m'nyumba zawo. Iwo samasowa anansi mulimonse. Amafuna malingaliro. Madivelopa amatsatsa nyumbazi ngati madera akudziko, komwe mwayi wokumana ndi munthu yemwe si wogwira ntchito panyumbayo ndi wocheperako, komanso malo awo odyera amakhala anthu okha, kotero ngakhale kudya sikofunikira. amatulukadi.
Anthu ambiri a ku New York, omwe sanakhutire ndi kupumitsidwa kwa misonkho kwa anthu amphamvu ndi amphamvu a nyumba zosanja zosanjazi, anadziyerekezera akugwira ntchito m’mithunzi yaitali, yachikale yoponyedwa ndi nsanja zatsopanozi. Koma mithunzi pambali, sizowona kwenikweni za nyumba zazitali kwambiri. Ena mwina sangakonde kukula kwawo, koma zipinda zocheperako m'malo ambiri osakhalamo pafupi ndi Midtown kapena Wall Street sizoyambitsa gentrification ndi kusamuka. Pakhoza kukhala xenophobia pang'ono muzochitika zotsutsana ndi pamwamba. Kunena zoona, pali anthu ambiri olemera a ku China, Amwenye ndi Aarabu omwe, mofanana ndi Ayuda akale, amakonda kuyang’ana pansi pa matabwa a mgwirizano wa Upper East Side akakumana ndi njira yotsimikizirika yosatheka.
Mosasamala kanthu, 57th Street tsopano imadziwika kuti Billionaire Street ndipo chuma chafika pachimake. Kupita patsogolo kwaukadaulo wama skyscraper kuli ndi zambiri zochita ndi izi. William F. Baker, yemwe anathandiza kupanga Burj Khalifa ya ku Dubai, nsanja yayitali kwambiri padziko lonse ya mamita 2,717, posachedwapa anafotokoza za uinjiniya wa moyo wa mamita oposa 800. Mainjiniya, omwe akhala akuganiza kwanthawi yayitali momwe angatetezere nyumba zosanja kuti zisagwe, akuyang'ana kwambiri vuto lovuta kwambiri: kupangitsa kuti anthu mkati azikhala otetezeka, akutero. Imeneyi ndi ntchito yovuta chifukwa nyumba zazitali kwambiri ndiponso zoonda kwambiri zinapangidwa kuti zizipinda m’malo mothyoka ngati mapiko a ndege. Anthu wamba amada nkhawa ndi zochitika za m'nyumba zazitali nthawi yayitali asanawononge chitetezo chawo. Kukankhira pang'ono komwe mumachita m'galimoto kapena sitima kungayambitse mantha mpaka 100 pansi, ngakhale mutakhala otetezeka m'nyumba kuposa mgalimoto.
Kuyesayesa kodabwitsa pakali pano kuchitidwa kuti achepetse zotsatirazi. Masiku ano nsanja zowonda kwambiri zili ndi zida zapamwamba kwambiri, zothira madzi ndi zida zina zoyenda, komanso ma elevator omwe amakweza anthu omwe ali mumlengalenga, koma osathamanga kwambiri kotero kuti mumamva kusokoneza g-force. Liwiro la pafupifupi mapazi 30 pa sekondi likuwoneka ngati liŵiro loyenera, kutanthauza kuti nsanja zapamwamba zitha kukankhidwira malire—osati chifukwa chakuti sitingathe kupanga nyumba zotalikirapo mtunda wa kilomita imodzi, koma chifukwa chakuti eni eni olemera sangalekerere mfundo yakuti mphindi. kupita ku nyumbayi Ma elevator olowera amakwera mpaka kuchipinda komwe ndalama zapachaka za Republic of Palau zimalipidwa.
Zofunikira zaumisiri mwapadera zimanenedwa kuti zimatengera gawo lalikulu la mtengo wamakondomu aatali kwambiri monga 432 Park Avenue, yomwe pakadali pano ndiyo nyumba yayitali kwambiri ku Midtown Manhattan komanso imodzi mwazokwera mtengo kwambiri. Kunja kwake ndi mauna a konkriti ndi galasi, ngati Sol LeWitt yotulutsidwa kapena vase yokulirapo ya Josef Hoffmann (kapena chala chokwezeka chapakati, kutengera momwe mukuwonera). Zotsekera zazikulu ziwiri pafupi ndi denga, kukula kwa injini ya locomotive - komanso kumadzitamandira mochititsa chidwi kutalika kwapawiri kwa mzindawo - zimakhala ngati zoziziritsa kukhosi, zomwe zimapatsa ma ballast ndikuletsa ma chandelier kuti asamalire ndi magalasi a shampeni kugwa.
Ngati Petronas Towers ndi Empire State Building anali m'malire a Manhattan kumpoto-kum'mwera, mizati ya mzindawu, malo a kampasi tsopano akuphatikiza 1 World Trade, 432 Park, ndi One57 midadada yochepa kumadzulo. Yotsirizirayi, yokhala ndi mapindikidwe ake ovuta komanso mazenera owoneka bwino, imatsogolera kuchokera pakati pa Manhattan kupita ku Las Vegas kapena Shanghai. Pafupifupi kilomita imodzi, nyumba yayikulu ya bolodi yotchedwa Hudson Yards ikuwopseza kukhala mini-Singapore ku West End.
Koma kukoma ndikovuta kuvomereza. Pamene Chrysler Building inamalizidwa, inalandilidwa mowopsa ndi otsutsa ndipo kenaka anayamikiridwa monga pulani ya nyumba zosanjikizana, pamene magalasi amakono ndi nsanja zachitsulo zinapanganso mawonekedwe akumwamba pambuyo pa nkhondo ndi kuyambitsa mkwiyo watsopano. Tikayang'ana m'mbuyo, tikhoza kuona kuti zizindikiro za 1950s monga Lever House ya Gordon Bunshaft ku SOM ndi nyumba ya Seagram ya Mies van der Rohe inali yokongola komanso yokongola ngati china chilichonse ku United States, ngakhale zaka makumi angapo zotsatira zinasintha. zidapanga mamiliyoni azithunzithunzi zongoyerekeza zomwe zimawononga Manhattan ndikubisa luso lakale. Inali nthaŵi ya kusamuka kwa azungu ndi kufalikira kwa midzi, pamene Roland Barthes anafotokoza kuti New York ndi mzinda woimirira, “anthu osoŵa kudzikundikirana,” ndi otchedwa nsanja za m’mapaki ku America, ndipo nthaŵi zambiri ankaipitsa misonkho. malo osauka, ambiri kunja kwa mzinda, anasiyidwa. Nyumba yosanja yonyansa kwambiri mumzindawu pa 375 Pearl Street, yomwe kwa nthawi yaitali imadziwika kuti Verizon Tower, ndi chilombo chopanda mawindo chomwe chili pamwamba pa Brooklyn Bridge. Inamangidwa ndi Minoru Yamasaki mu 1976, atangotha Twin Towers, ndipo New Yorkers amawakonda kapena amadana nawo - mpaka ambiri adawawona mosiyana, osati chifukwa cha zomwe zinachitika. 11 September. M’bandakucha ndi madzulo, ngodya za nsanja zosemadwazo zimayatsa kuwala kwa dzuŵa, kupangitsa nthiti zalalanje ndi zasiliva ziyandama m’mlengalenga. Tsopano 1 World Trade yadzuka paphulusa. Ma skyscrapers akale amakono abwerera m'mafashoni. Kulawa, monga ku New York skyline, kumakhalabe ntchito yosatha.
Mwa nyumba zatsopanozi, ndimakonda 432, yopangidwa ndi Rafael Viñoly, ndi jumble yophunzira ya 56 Leonard, mtawuni (Herzog & de Meuron ndi omanga). Mwa nyumba zatsopanozi, ndimakonda 432, yopangidwa ndi Rafael Viñoly, ndi jumble yophunzira ya 56 Leonard, mtawuni (Herzog & de Meuron ndi omanga). · Оدв года - Mwa nyumba zatsopanozi, ndimakonda 432 ya Rafael Vignoli ndi hodgepodge ya Leonard ya 56 pakati pa mzinda (omanga Herzog & de Meuron). Из новостроек мне нравятся 432, спроектированные Рафаэлем Виньоли, ndi 56 Леонардов в центре города (архитектор Herzog & de Meuron). Mwa nyumba zatsopanozi, ndimakonda 432, yopangidwa ndi Rafael Vignoli, ndi 56 Leonards pakati pa mzinda (womanga Herzog & de Meuron).Zapangidwa mwaluso kwambiri kuti zikongoletse mawonekedwe akuthambo. Ena omwe akukwera, monga 53 West 53rd Jean Nouvel, pafupi ndi Museum of Modern Art, ndi 111 57th Street, yopangidwa ndi SHoP Architects, akulonjeza kuti athandizira masikelo kubwerera ku malingaliro akale. Zinsanjazi ndi mabokosi okonzeka kupita m'malo mwa nyumbazi kwa zaka zambiri.
Ena amaopabe kuti mumzindawu muli nyumba zachifumu zambirimbiri. Iwo akhoza kutenga chitonthozo chifukwa chakuti chodabwitsa kwambiri chinali masewera a mipando ya ndalama. Malamulo atsopano a boma olimbana ndi makampani a zipolopolo ndi kubera ndalama tsopano amafuna kuti ogula ndalama a nyumba zapamwamba aziulula mayina enieni a eni ake. Zikuoneka kuti pafupifupi theka la zogula malo ku Manhattan amalipidwa ndalama, ndipo gawo limodzi mwa magawo atatu a zonse kugula nyumba zatsopano pakati pa mzinda ndi ogula akunja. Kuphatikizidwa ndi kutsika kwamitengo yamafuta komanso kusinthasintha kwamitengo ya yuan, malamulo atsopanowa akuwoneka kuti akukhudza. Pakadali pano, msika wa 800+ foot condominium ukupitilirabe kutsika. Nyumba zina zazitali kwambiri zomwe zili pa zojambulajambula zitha kuchedwa.
Oyang'anira makampani safunanso nyumba zowoneka bwino zamabizinesi. Ndiwoyenera kwambiri kwa azaka zikwizikwi omwe amakonda nyumba zokonzedwanso, moyo wamsewu ndi malo antchito. Katswiri wa zomangamanga Bjarke Ingels posachedwapa adapanga nsanja zingapo ku New York zokhala ndi masitepe akulu akulu omwe amasangalatsa msewu kupita mlengalenga.
"Mchitidwewu ndikupanga malo otsekedwa okhala ndi mawindo apansi mpaka pansi kuti mulowemo," adatero Ingels. “Malo otseguka anali kuonedwa ngati vuto lomwe silinakhudze mtengo wa nyumba, koma ndikuganiza kuti zikusintha. Ndayamba kumva anthu akubizinesi yobwereketsa akunena kuti akufuna malo otseguka. Izi zili m'nyumba zogona komanso zamalonda. ” “Ndiye. Ndikuganiza kuti tsogolo la 800-foot likukhudzana kwambiri ndi dziko lakunja kusiyana ndi kulithawa. "
Mwina. New York ndi mphepo komanso kuzizira kwambiri. Kwa zaka zambiri, azakhali anga adachita lendi nyumba ya situdiyo yapansi panthaka ya 16 ya nyumba ina ku Greenwich Village, yokhala ndi khonde loyang'ana Washington Square Park ndi kumunsi kwa Manhattan, ngakhale kuti malingaliro ambiri ndi otsika. nyumba zazitali, madenga a phula lakuda ndi kuthawa moto. Chinsalu chobiriwira chobiriwira ndi choyera chadzuwa chikhoza kutsegulidwa kuti apange mthunzi pabwalo. Mumsewu munamveka mawu ndi malipenga agalimoto. Madzi amvula anathira pansi pa terracotta. Pavuli paki, kamphepo kakuwomba ku msinji. Ndikakhala ku New York, ndimamva ngati munthu wosangalala kwambiri ku New York, pamwamba komanso pakatikati pa mzindawu.
Malo okoma a aliyense ndi osiyana. Ndikuyima pa Window 1 World Trade pa 1000 mapazi ndi Jimmy Park. Anayamikira malingaliro a Brooklyn ndi Queens. Pansi pathu pali denga la 7 World Trade, nsanja yoyandikana nayo ya 743-foot glass office yopangidwa mwaluso ndi David Childs, pansi pathu. Timangomvetsetsa zimango. Mnyamata yemwe wayima pamenepo akhoza kukhala mfundo ya Harry Lime.
Ndinamufunsa Parker kuti akuganiza kuti ndi wamtali bwanji. Anasisita mphumi. Iye anati sanaganizire kwenikweni za izo. ♦
Michael Kimmelman ndi wotsutsa zomangamanga ku New York Times. Kusindikiza kwake komaliza m'magaziniyi kunali za maiwe achinsinsi a Manhattan ndi minda.
Matthew Pillsbury ndi wojambula. Ntchito yake idzawonetsedwa ku Ben Ruby Gallery ku New York mu 2017.
Poyamba ankadziwika kuti Freedom Tower, ndi nyumba yayitali kwambiri ku Western Hemisphere ndipo ili ndi zikwere zothamanga kwambiri. Elevator yothamanga kwambiri imayenda mtunda wa makilomita 22 pa ola ndipo imakwera kuchokera pansi kufika pansanjika ya 100 pasanathe masekondi 60.
Zaka khumi ndi zitatu pambuyo pa 9/11, mazana a ogwira ntchito ku Port Authority anali okwera oyamba kubwerera kuntchito pamalopo.
Nyumba yosanja yosanja yoyamba kumangidwa "core first" ku New York, komwe konkriti ya nyumbayo, yomwe imakhala ndi zikepe, masitepe, makina ndi mapaipi, imamangidwa pamaso pa chitsulo chakunja. mabungwe ogwira ntchito mu mzinda Kunyanyala metallurgists.
"Nyumba zambiri zilibe umunthu," atero a Robert AM Stern, womanga nyumba yayitali kwambiri mumzinda wa New York. “Simukufuna kupita nawo pa tsiku lachiwiri. Koma mukhoza kuyamba kukondana ndi nyumba yathu.”
Nyumba zonse ziwiri ndi Chrysler Building zimati ndizo zazitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo zonse zikumangidwa. Pomwe idadziwika kuti 40 Wall Street, idakhalabe kwa mwezi umodzi mpaka spire idawonjezedwa ku Chrysler Building. Pasanathe chaka chimodzi adagwidwa ndi Empire State Building.
Kampani ya inshuwaransi ya American International Group idachoka mnyumba ya Art Deco mu 2009 ndipo pakali pano ikusintha kukhala hotelo ya $600 miliyoni ndi nyumba yobwereketsa.
Ikamalizidwa, nyumba yomwe kale inkadziwika kuti 1 Chase Manhattan Plaza inali ofesi yayikulu kwambiri yazamalonda mumzindawu kwa kotala la zana, nyumba yayikulu kwambiri yamabanki yokhala ndi denga limodzi yomwe idamangidwapo, komanso yoyamba ku New York City kugwiritsa ntchito “1 Chase” kumanga. , , Plaza” ngati adilesi yamalonda.
Wotchedwa Jenga Tower pambuyo pa mapangidwe a Pritzker Prize-winning architecture Jacques Herzog ndi Pierre de Meuron, pansi pa cantilevered ya nyumbayi amafalikira mbali zonse kuchokera kumtunda wake wapakati.
Pamene katswiri wa zomangamanga Frank Gehry ankadya chakudya chamasana ndi Bruce Ratner, katswiri wa zomangamanga, Ratner anamufunsa kuti, "Mukufuna kumanga chiyani ku New York?" Gehry anajambula kamangidwe ka kamangidwe ka chopukutira.
Nyumba ya Art Deco yozungulira idapangidwa ngati mlongoti wowongolera ndipo denga lake ndi nyumba yosungiramo zinthu za zeppelin, okwera adzagwiritsa ntchito bwalo lakunja lomwe lili pamtunda wa 103 ndi miyambo yomveka bwino pansi pa 102nd. Kukonzekera kozungulira nyumbayi kunasokoneza dongosolo lotera la ndegeyo.
Yoyamba mwa nsanja 16 zatsopano zomwe zidakonzedwa ku Hudson Yards pamtengo wa $ 25 biliyoni. Nyumbayi ili ndi malo ake ophatikizira kutentha ndi magetsi ndipo imalumikizidwa ndi zida zamtawuniyi ndi microgrid pamodzi ndi magetsi ena angapo apafupi.
Walter Chrysler anakana kulipira katswiri wa zomangamanga William Van Alen pambuyo poti nyumba yake yodzipangira yekha inakhala nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Van Alen adasumira ndipo pamapeto pake adapeza ndalama zake, koma sanalandirenso makomiti akuluakulu opangira.
Mu 2005, MetLife idasuntha chipinda chake chamsonkhano cha 1893, kuphatikiza denga loyambirira lagolide, matabwa olimba, poyatsira moto, ndi mipando, kupita kuchipinda cha 57.
Ndilo nyumba yoyamba yamalonda yapamwamba kuti mukwaniritse chiphaso cha LEED Platinum, chiwerengero chapamwamba kwambiri cha chilengedwe chomwe nyumbayo ingakwaniritse. Njuchi zimakhala padenga limodzi lomwe likugwa.
Pomwe idaperekedwa ndikuvomerezedwa mu 1999, wopanga ake a Donald Trump adayitcha nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi, koma adatsutsidwa kwambiri. Kale Yankee Derek Jeter adagula penthouse mu 2001 (anagulitsa mu 2012).
"Zipilala" za nsanjika zisanu ndi zinayi za nyumba ya Citigroup zimatheketsa kuika tchalitchi pa ngodya imodzi ya malowo. Denga liri pamtunda wa 45-degree ndipo limapangidwira ma solar panels, omwe sanayikidwepo chifukwa denga siliyang'anizana ndi dzuwa mwachindunji.
Nyumbayi yomwe imadziwikabe kuti Rockefeller Center poyambilira inali ndi nyumba 14 ndipo inali ndi antchito masauzande ambiri pa nthawi ya Great Depression. . mapazi awo akulendewera 850 mapazi pamwamba pa nthaka.
Nyumba yocheperako, yokhala ndi anthu ena omwe ali pamalo omwe kale anali a Alexander's Department Store ili ndi bwalo lolimbikitsidwa ndi makoma a New York City monga Grand Central Station ndi New York Public Library's Main Branch Reading Room.
Pakadali pano nyumba yayitali kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi yokhalamo, idalimbikitsidwa ndi zinyalala ndipo idapangidwa mozungulira zomwe mmisiri wake Rafael Vignoli amafotokoza kuti ndi "mawonekedwe abwino kwambiri a geometry: square."
Chifukwa cha kusawerengeka kolakwika pakumanga, nyumbayo idakwera mamita 11 pamwamba pa malire omwe akukonzekera mizinda. Chilolezo cha retroactive sichinaperekedwe; m'malo mwake, wopangayo adalipira ndalama zokwana madola 2.1 miliyoni, zomwe zinapangidwa kuti zikonzenso malo ochitira masewera ovina pafupi ndi mzinda.
Nthawi yotumiza: Dec-16-2022